INTRODUCTION:
The material is arranged in a manner to make it accessible to medical students and educators. Frequently encountered urological problems are discussed using case-based presentations.
Many diagnostic and therapeutic measures have attendant risks which may actually be more damaging than the underlying medical problem itself. Indeed, not all problems require active therapy. The risk/benefit ratio of any proposed study or therapy must be weighed against the natural course of the disease and the patient must be actively involved in any planing process.
